Romania is in a complex environment marked by several macroeconomic imbalances: the twin deficits—budget and current account, the structural problem of demography—the difference between the active and retired population, the need for a qualified and healthy workforce, but also the climate transition that introduces additional costs and requires the reorganization of important economic sectors. A strategic approach is necessary in order to ensure the maintaining of the budget deficit ceiling for the coming years, but also a recovery of the economy based on sustainable pillars.